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politics [2019/01/16 10:17] – [Anarchism] reorganized, added anarcha-feminism, queer anarchism, post-anarchism, insurrectionary anarchism and synthesist anarchism greenandblackpolitics [2020/01/28 00:52] (current) – [Anarchism] greenandblack
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 ====== Politics ====== ====== Politics ======
- +{{ :libertarian_socialism_version_2_0_by_mylittletripod-d7x8uf9.png?nolink&200|Libertarian Socialism Logo: a black star with a red fist and yellow snake}} 
-===== Social Ecology and Communalism ===== +As Solar Punk envisions free and egalitarian world, its politics take the form of Libertarian Socialism; group of anti-authoritarian political philosophies inside the socialist movement that rejects the conception of socialism as centralized state ownership and control of the economyLibertarian socialism  criticizes wage labour relationships within the workplace, instead emphasizing workers' self-management of the workplace and decentralized structures of directly democratic political organizationIt often rejects the state itselfand asserts that a society based on freedom and justice can be achieved through abolishing authoritarian institutions that control certain means of production and subordinate the majority to an owning class or political and economic eliteAll of this is generally done within general call for libertarian and voluntary human relationships through the identificationcriticism, and practical dismantling of illegitimate authority in all aspects of human life.
- +
-Communalism is a system of government in which virtually autonomous local communities are brought together in a confederation. Social Ecology is its recognition of the often-overlooked fact that nearly all our present ecological problems arise from deep-seated social problems.  +
-  * [[http://new-compass.net/publications/social-ecology-and-communalism|Social Ecology and Communalism]] - //Murray Bookchin// +
-  * [[https://libcom.org/library/remaking-society-pathways-green-future|Remaking Society: Pathways to Green Future]] - //Murray Bookchin// +
-  * [[https://libcom.org/library/ecology-freedom-murray-bookchin|The Ecology of Freedom]] - //Murray Bookchin// ([[https://archive.org/details/ecologyoffreedom|Audiobook]]) +
-  * [[https://www.filmsforaction.org/articles/communalism-a-liberatory-alternative/|Communalism: A Liberatory Alternative]] - //Marcus & Stephanie Amargi// ([[https://archive.org/details/communalism-audio-pamphlet|Audiobook]]) +
-  * [[https://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/murray-bookchin-toward-a-communalist-approach|Toward a Communalist Approach]] - //Murray Bookchin// +
- +
- +
-==== Dialectical Naturalism ==== +
- +
-Dialectical naturalism is the philosophical underpinning of social ecology. Through dialectical naturalism we reason the evolutionary becoming of the biological world or "first nature", the emergence of the realm of culture or "second nature", and the potentiality for "free nature"rational and ecological society. +
-  * [[https://libcom.org/library/philosophy-social-ecology-essays-dialectical-naturalism|The Philosophy of Social Ecology: Essays on Dialectical Naturalism]] //Murray Bookchin// +
-  * [[http://www.williamcronon.net/writing/Trouble_with_Wilderness_Main.html|The Trouble with Wilderness; or, Getting Back to the Wrong Nature]] - //William Cronon// +
-  * [[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FQC9YVi33uY&list=PLF1D08E4680E009FF|Institute for Social Ecology Class - 1988 (YouTube)]] - //Murray Bookchin// +
-  * [[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=F_6WsYBMow4|Second Nature Lecture - 1996 (YouTube)]] - //Murray Bookchin// +
- +
- +
-==== The History of Hierarchy ==== +
- +
-From dialectical analysis we can deduce a history of hierarchy, which traces the emergence of hierarchy from the rise of government by elders, the emergence of patriarchy, shamanistic guilds, warrior groups, chiefdoms, and eventually the state +
-  * [[https://libcom.org/library/murray-bookchin-reader|The Murray Bookchin Reader]] - //Murray Bookchin & Janet Biehl// ([[https://archive.org/details/themurraybookchinreader|Audiobook]]) +
-  * [[http://www.rainmagazine.com/archive/1992/cities-against-centralization|Cities Against Centralization]] - //Greg Bryant// +
-  * [[https://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/murray-bookchin-sociobiology-or-social-ecology|Sociobiology or Social Ecology]] - //Murray Bookchin// +
-  * [[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z6dr4Dzd0-4&list=PLhGI3wbLoSyA4dy-JB4LhA2asstu-FtCf|Advanced Concepts Class - 1996 (YouTube)]] - //Murray Bookchin// +
- +
- +
-==== Ecological Critique ==== +
- +
-With history for evidence, an ecological critique finds that the idea of dominating nature emerges from the domination of human by human. Economic, ethnic, cultural, and gender conflicts, among many others, lie at the core of the most serious ecological problems we face todayMinimally, an ecological society must eliminate the domination of human by human. +
-  * [[http://dwardmac.pitzer.edu/Anarchist_Archives/bookchin/planet/planet.html|Death of a Small Planet]] - //Murray Bookchin// +
-  * [[http://dwardmac.pitzer.edu/Anarchist_Archives/bookchin/dismal/dismal.html|Will Ecology become 'The Dismal Science'?]] - //Murray Bookchin// +
-  * [[http://dwardmac.pitzer.edu/ANARCHIST_ARCHIVES/bookchin/socecovdeepeco.html|Social Ecology versus Deep Ecology]] - //Murray Bookchin// +
-  * [[https://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/murray-bookchin-the-population-myth|The Population Myth]] - //Murray Bookchin// +
-  * [[https://archive.org/details/RethinkingEcofeministPolitics/page/n0|Rethinking Ecofeminist Politics]] - //Janet Biehl// +
-  * [[http://social-ecology.org/wp/2005/01/ambiguities-of-animal-rights/|Ambiguities of Animal Rights]] - //Peter Staudenmaier// +
-  * [[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rrdIdakXaiw&list=PL4D2745191AB27C64|Waterloo Lecture - 1985 (YouTube)]] - //Murray Bookchin// +
- +
- +
-==== Libertarian Municipalism ==== +
- +
-We develop a political strategyfrom ecological critique, for libertarian municipalist society - organised as a confederation of directly democratic municipal assemblies, production would be municipalised and brought under the control of the assemblies, and the market economy would be replaced with a moral economy. +
-  * [[https://libcom.org/library/urbanization-without-cities-rise-decline-citizenship|Urbanization Without Cities: The Rise and Decline of Citizenship]] - //Murray Bookchin// +
-  * [[https://libcom.org/library/next-revolution-popular-assemblies-promise-direct-democracy|The Next Revolution: Popular Assemblies & The Promise of Direct Democracy]] - //Murray Bookchin// ([[https://archive.org/details/thenextrevolution|Audiobook]]) +
-  * [[http://freeocalan.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/09/Ocalan-Democratic-Confederalism.pdf|Democratic Confederalism]] - //Abdullah Ocalan// ([[https://archive.org/details/DemocraticConfederalismAudioBook|Audiobook]]) +
-  * [[http://social-ecology.org/wp/1991/04/libertarian-municipalism-an-overview/|Libertarian Municipalism: An Overview]] - //Murray Bookchin// +
-  * [[http://social-ecology.org/wp/1991/04/the-left-that-was-a-personal-reflection/|The Left That Was: A Personal Reflection]] - //Murray Bookchin// +
-  * [[http://social-ecology.org/wp/1999/08/thoughts-on-libertarian-municipalism/|Thoughts on Libertarian Municipalism]] - //Murray Bookchin// +
-  * [[http://social-ecology.org/wp/2012/09/seven-left-myths-about-capitalism/|Seven Left Myths About Capitalism]] - //Institute for Social Ecology// +
-  * [[http://www.social-ecology.org/wp/wp-content/uploads/2009/12/The_Politics_of_Social_Ecology2.pdf|The Politics of Social Ecology: Libertarian Municipalism]] - //Janet Biehl// ([[https://archive.org/details/TPoSE|Audiobook]]) +
-  * [[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FqPwr-cVz_M|Forms of Freedom Talk - 1985 (YouTube)]] - //Murray Bookchin// +
- +
- +
-==== Utopian Vision ==== +
- +
-Seeking to reconstruct society both physically and institutionallythis utopianism includes practical experiments and alternative technology. +
-  * [[http://www.tikkun.org/nextgen/to-be-realistic-demand-the-impossible-toward-a-visionary-left|To Be Realistic, Demand the Impossible: Toward a Visionary Left]] - //Blair Taylor// +
-  * [[http://social-ecology.org/wp/1983/12/the-utopian-impulse-reflections-on-a-tradition/|The Utopian Impulse: Reflections on a Tradition]] - //Dan Chodorkoff// +
-  * [[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BO41m5tMLm4|Institute for Social Ecology Interview - 2012 (YouTube)]] - //Dan Chodorkoff// +
 ---- ----
  
 ===== Anarchism ===== ===== Anarchism =====
-Anarchism is a political philosophy that advocates self-governed societies based on voluntary, cooperative stateless societies, rejecting hierarchies they view as unjust. Anarchism holds capitalism, the state, and representative democracy to be undesirable, unnecessary and harmful. Anarchism specifically entails opposing authority or hierarchical organisation in the conduct of all human relations. Anarchism does not offer a fixed body of doctrine from a single particular world view. Many types and traditions of anarchism exist, ranging from collectivism to individualism, not all of which are mutually exclusive.  +{{ :1200px-anarchy-symbol.svg.png?nolink&175|Anarchy Logo: A black letter A enclosed in a black circle }} 
- +[[Anarchism]] is a political philosophy that advocates self-governed societies based on voluntary, cooperative stateless societies, rejecting hierarchies they view as unjust. Anarchism holds capitalism, the state, and representative democracy to be undesirable, unnecessary and harmful. Anarchism specifically entails opposing authority or hierarchical organisation in the conduct of all human relations. Anarchism does not offer a fixed body of doctrine from a single particular world view. Many types and traditions of anarchism exist, ranging from collectivism to individualism, not all of which are mutually exclusive.  
- +  * [[http://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/david-graeber-are-you-an-anarchist-the-answer-may-surprise-you|Are You An Anarchist? The Answer May Surprise You!]] - //David Graeber// ([[https://www.invidio.us/watch?v=-G19LwrJwkw|Audiobook]]) 
-=== Works ==+  * [[https://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/errico-malatesta-an-anarchist-programme|An Anarchist Programme]] - //Errico Malatesta// ([[https://invidio.us/watch?v=O1jxOsFsKnY|Audiobook]])
   * [[https://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/errico-malatesta-anarchy|Anarchy]] - //Errico Malatesta// ([[https://librivox.org/anarchy-by-errico-malatesta/|Audiobook]])   * [[https://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/errico-malatesta-anarchy|Anarchy]] - //Errico Malatesta// ([[https://librivox.org/anarchy-by-errico-malatesta/|Audiobook]])
 +  * [[https://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/emma-goldman-anarchism-and-other-essays|Anarchism and Other Essays]] - //Emma Goldman// ([[https://librivox.org/anarchism-and-other-essays-by-emma-goldman-2/|Audiobook]])
 +  * [[https://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/alexander-berkman-what-is-communist-anarchism|What Is Communist Anarchism?]] - //Alexander Berkman// ([[https://www.invidio.us/playlist?list=PLTeHv2rWFci71J6xKEGQXgwFECQhqIPcR|Audiobook]])
 +  * [[https://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/murray-bookchin-post-scarcity-anarchism|Post-Scarcity Anarchism]] - //Murray Bookchin// ([[https://www.invidio.us/watch?v=xG9HLYm3ZQ4|Audiobook]])
 +  * [[https://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/petr-kropotkin-the-conquest-of-bread|The Conquest of Bread]] - //Peter Kropotkin// ([[https://librivox.org/conquest-bread-2-by-peter-kropotkin/|Audiobook]])
 +  * [[https://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/david-graeber-on-the-phenomenon-of-bullshit-jobs-a-work-rant|On The Phenomenon of Bullshit Jobs]] - //David Graeber// ([[https://www.invidio.us/watch?v=z6cvmnKTJLA|Audiobook]])
 +  * [[https://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/henry-david-thoreau-civil-disobedience|Civil Disobedience]] - //Henry David Thoreau// ([[https://librivox.org/civil-disobedience-by-henry-david-thoreau/|Audiobook]])
 +  * [[https://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/alfredo-m-bonanno-armed-joy|Armed Joy]] - //Alfredo M. Bonanno// ([[https://archive.org/details/ArmedJoy|Audiobook]])
 +  * [[https://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/neither-lord-nor-subject|Neither Lord Nor Subject]] - //Bao Jingyan// ([[https://www.invidio.us/watch?v=Gs23tDAaEho|Audiobook]])
 +  * [[http://marx.libcom.org/library/god-and-state-mikhail-bakunin|God and the State]] - //Mikhail Bakunin// ([[https://librivox.org/god-and-the-state-by-mikhail-bakunin/|Audiobook]])
 +  * [[https://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/rudolf-rocker-anarchosyndicalism|Anarcho-Syndicalism]] - //Rudolf Rocker// ([[https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLTeHv2rWFci69UMKFFX7z0WfW_2SYLpqZ|Audiobook]])
   * [[https://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/peter-gelderloos-anarchy-works|Anarchy Works]] - //Peter Gelderloos//   * [[https://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/peter-gelderloos-anarchy-works|Anarchy Works]] - //Peter Gelderloos//
-  * [[https://crimethinc.com/tce/|To Change Everything, an anarchist appeal]] - //CrimethInc Ex-Workers Collective// 
-  * [[https://zabalazabooks.files.wordpress.com/2011/08/we_house_you_are_housed_they_are_homeless_ward.pdf|We House, You are Housed, They are Homeless]] - //Colin Ward// 
  
-=== Libraries === 
- 
-  * [[https://itsgoingdown.org/|It's Going Down]] 
-  * [[https://www.anarchistlibraries.net/libraries|Anarchist Libraries]] 
-  * [[https://theanarchistlibrary.org/special/index|The Anarchist Library]] 
-  * [[https://library.nyc-lsc.org/|The free digital library of the New York City Libertarian Socialist Caucus of the Democratic Socialists of America]] 
-  * [[https://crimethinc.com/library|CrimethInc Ex-Workers Collective's Online Reading Library]] 
-  * [[https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCaO1QA8QL99_eb0XhJI2Fyw|AudibleAnarchist]] 
-  * [[https://christiebooks.co.uk/|Christie Books]] 
-  * [[https://c4ss.org/|Center for a Stateless Society]] 
- 
-==== Classical Schools of Thought ==== 
- 
-=== Anarcho-Communism === 
-Anarcho-Communism advocates the abolition of the state, capitalism, wage labour and private property in favor of common ownership of the means of production, direct democracy, cooperativism, equal distribution of valuables, and a horizontal network of workers' councils with production and consumption based on the guiding principle: "From each according to his ability, to each according to his needs". 
-  * [[https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/23428|The Conquest of Bread]] - //Peter Kropotkin// ([[https://librivox.org/conquest-bread-2-by-peter-kropotkin/|Audiobook]]) 
-  * [[https://archive.org/details/cu31924032409710|Fields, Factories and Workshops]] - //Peter Kropotkin// 
-  * [[https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/4341|Mutual Aid: A Factor of Evolution]] - //Peter Kropotkin// ([[https://librivox.org/mutual-aid-a-factor-of-evolution-by-peter-kropotkin/|Audiobook]]) 
-  * [[https://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/alexander-berkman-what-is-communist-anarchism|What is Communist Anarchism?]] - //Alexander Berkman// 
-  * [[https://libcom.org/library/right-be-greedy-theses-practical-necessity-demanding-everything|The Right to be Greedy]] - //For Ourselves// 
-  * [[https://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/ricardo-flores-magon-collected-works|Collected Works]] - //Ricardo Flores Magón// 
-  * [[https://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/ricardo-flores-magon-land-and-liberty|Land and Liberty]] - //Ricardo Flores Magón// 
- 
-=== Mutualism === 
-Mutualism is an economic theory that advocates a society with free markets and occupation and use, or usufruct property norms. Mutualism is based on a version of the labor theory of value holding that when labor or its product is sold, in exchange it ought to receive goods or services embodying "the amount of labor necessary to produce an article of exactly similar and equal utility" 
-  * [[https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/360|What Is Property?]] - //Pierre Joseph Proudhon// ([[https://librivox.org/what-is-property-an-inquiry-into-the-principle-of-right-and-of-government-by-pierre-joseph-proudhon/|Audiobook]]) 
-  * [[https://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/pierre-joseph-proudhon-the-principle-of-federation|The Principle of Federation]] - //Pierre Joseph Proudhon// 
-  * [[http://praxeology.net/DL-EA.htm|The Economics of Anarchy]] - //Dyer Lum// 
-  * [[https://archive.org/details/StudiesInMutualistPoliticalEconomy|Studies In Mutualist Political Economy]] - //Kevin Carson// 
-  * [[https://archive.org/details/OrganizationTheoryALibertarianPerspe|Organization Theory]] - //Kevin Carson// 
-  * [[https://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/mutualists-org-a-mutualist-faq|A Mutualist FAQ]] - //Anonymous// 
- 
-=== Individualist Anarchism === 
-Individualist anarchism refers to several traditions of thought that emphasize the individual and his will over external determinants such as groups, society, traditions and ideological systems. Individualist anarchism is not a single philosophy, but it refers to a group of individualistic philosophies that hold "if the individual has the right to govern himself, all external government is tyranny". 
-  * [[http://dwardmac.pitzer.edu/anarchist_archives/godwin/PJfrontpiece.html|Political Justice]] - //William Godwin// 
-  * [[https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/52124|The Gay Science]] - //Friedrich Nietzsche// ([[https://librivox.org/the-joyful-wisdom-by-friedrich-nietzsche/|Audiobook]]) 
-  * [[https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/1998|Thus Spoke Zarathustra]] - //Friedrich Nietzsche// ([[https://librivox.org/thus-spake-zarathustra-by-friedrich-nietzsche/|Audiobook]]) 
-  * [[https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/4363|Beyond Good and Evil]] - //Friedrich Nietzsche// ([[https://librivox.org/beyond-good-and-evil-by-friedrich-nietzsche/|Audiobook]]) 
-  * [[https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/33979|The Soul of Man Under Socialism]] - //Oscar Wilde// 
-  * [[https://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/renzo-novatore-toward-the-creative-nothing|Towards the Creative Nothing]] - //Renzo Novatore// 
-  * [[https://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/bob-black-the-abolition-of-work|The Abolition of Work]] - //Bob Black// ([[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2X3MyX2SaQw|Audiobook]]) 
-  * [[https://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/feral-faun-essays|Feral Revolution]] - //Feral Faun// 
-  * [[https://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/josiah-warren-equitable-commerce|Equitable Commerce]] - //Josiah Warren// 
-  * [[https://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/lysander-spooner-no-treason|No Treason]] - //Lysander Spooner// 
-  * [[https://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/lysander-spooner-vices-are-not-crimes-a-vindication-of-moral-liberty|Vices Are Not Crimes]] - //Lysander Spooner// ([[https://librivox.org/vices-are-not-crimes-by-lysander-spooner/|Audiobook]]) 
-  * [[https://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/benjamin-tucker-individual-liberty|Individual Liberty]] - //Benjamin Tucker// 
-  * [[https://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/emile-armand-anarchist-individualism-and-amorous-comradeship|Anarchist Individualism and Amorous Comradeship]] - //Émile Armand// 
- 
- 
-==== Post-Classical Schools of Thought ==== 
- 
-=== Anarcha-Feminism === 
-Anarcha-feminism generally views patriarchy and traditional gender roles as a manifestation of involuntary coercive hierarchy that should be replaced by decentralized free association. They believe that the struggle against patriarchy is an essential part of class conflict and the anarchist struggle against the state and capitalism, and vice versa. 
-  * [[https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/2162|Anarchism and Other Essays]] - //Emma Goldman// ([[https://librivox.org/anarchism-and-other-essays-by-emma-goldman-2/|Audiobook]]) 
-  * [[https://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/ezra-heywood-uncivil-liberty-an-essay-to-show-the-injustice-and-impolicy-of-ruling-woman-withou|Uncivil Liberty]] - //Ezra Heywood// 
-  * [[https://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/cathy-levine-the-tyranny-of-tyranny|The Tyranny of Tyranny]] - //Cathy Levine// 
-  * [[https://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/peggy-kornegger-anarchism-the-feminist-connection|Anarchism: The Feminist Connection]] - //Peggy Kornegger// 
-  * [[https://libcom.org/files/Ackelsberg%20-%20Free%20Women%20of%20Spain%20-%20Anarchism%20and%20the%20Struggle%20for%20the%20Emancipation%20of%20Women.pdf|Free Women of Spain]] - //Martha A. Ackelsberg// 
-  * [[https://libcom.org/files/Quiet%20Rumours,%20An%20Anarcha-Feminist%20Reader,%20New%20Edition%20-%20The%20Dark%20Star%20Collective.pdf|Quiet Rumours]] - //Roxanne Dunbar-Ortiz// 
- 
-=== Anarcho-Pacifism === 
-Anarcho-pacifism rejects the use of violence in the struggle for social change, the abolition of capitalism and the state. Anarcho-pacifists criticize the separation of means and ends, they also tend to see the state as 'organised violence' and so they see that "it would therefore seem logical that anarchists should reject all violence". 
-  * [[https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/205|Civil Disobedience]] - //Henry David Thoreau// ([[https://librivox.org/civil-disobedience-by-henry-david-thoreau/|Audiobook]]) 
-  * [[https://civilresistance.info/sites/default/files/thepowerofnonviolence0206.pdf|The Power of Nonviolence]] - //Richard B. Gregg// 
-  * [[https://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/geoffrey-ostergaard-resisting-the-nation-state-the-pacifist-and-anarchist-tradition|Resisting the Nation State, the pacifist and anarchist tradition]] - //Geoffrey Ostergaard// 
-  * [[https://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/peter-gelderloos-how-nonviolence-protects-the-state|How Nonviolence Protects the State]] - //Peter Gelderloos// ([[https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLTeHv2rWFci6wlDAQ6OomdZ6WjOMrUXdW|Audiobook]]) 
-  * [[https://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/leo-tolstoy-the-kingdom-of-god-is-within-you|The Kingdom of God is Within You]] - //Leo Tolstoy// ([[https://librivox.org/the-kingdom-of-god-is-within-you-by-leo-tolstoy/|Audiobook]]) 
- 
-=== Green Anarchism === 
-Green Anarchism is a school of thought within anarchism which puts a particular emphasis on environmental issues. A green anarchist theory is normally one that extends anarchist ideology beyond a critique of human interactions, includes a critique of the interactions between humans and non-humans as well, and argues that the hierarchical domination of nature by human stems from the hierarchical domination of human by human. 
-  * [[https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/205|Walden]] - //Henry David Thoreau// ([[https://librivox.org/walden-version-2-by-henry-david-thoreau/|Audiobook]]) 
-  * [[https://www.sproutdistro.com/catalog/zines/diy/towards-anarchist-ecology/|Towards An Anarchist Ecology]] - //Sprout Distro// 
-  * [[https://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/anonymous-desert|Desert]] - //Anonymous// ([[https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLTeHv2rWFci59SPOwsXM7PB3vIU6WsC6R|Audiobook]]) 
-  * [[https://libcom.org/files/Post-Scarcity%20Anarchism%20-%20Murray%20Bookchin.pdf|Post-Scarcity Anarchism]] - //Murray Bookchin// 
-  * [[http://www.revoltlib.com/anarchism/our-synthetic-environment/view.php|Our Synthetic Environment]] - //Murray Bookchin// 
-  * [[https://libcom.org/files/FuturePrimitive.pdf|Future Primitive and Other Essays]] - //John Zerzan// 
-  * [[https://libcom.org/files/Against%20Civilization%20-%20John%20Zerzan.pdf|Against Civilization]] - //John Zerzan// 
-  * [[https://against-leviathan.com/ahal.pdf|Against His-Story, Against Leviathan!]] - //Fredy Perlman// 
-  * [[https://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/brian-a-dominick-animal-liberation-and-social-revolution|Animal Liberation and Social Revolution]] - //Brian A. Dominick// 
-  * [[http://www.ditext.com/kohr/kohr.html|The Breakdown of Nations]] - //Leopold Kohr// 
- 
-==== Contemporary Schools of Thought ==== 
-=== Post-Anarchism === 
-Post-anarchism is an anarchist philosophy that employs post-structuralist and postmodernist approaches. Post-anarchism is not a single coherent theory, but rather refers to the combined works of any number of post-modernists, post-leftists and post-structuralists.  
-  * [[https://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/bob-black-anarchy-after-leftism|Anarchy After Leftism]] - //Bob Black// 
-  * [[https://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/daniel-colson-anarchist-subjectivities-and-modern-subjectivity|Anarchist Subjectivities and Modern Subjectivities]] - //Daniel Colson// 
-  * [[https://www.academia.edu/354378/Violent_accumulation_a_postanarchist_critique_of_property_dispossession_and_the_state_of_exception_in_neoliberalizing_Cambodia|Violent Accumulation]] - //Simon Springer// 
-  * [[https://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/allan-antliff-anarchy-power-and-poststructuralism|Anarchy, Power and Post-Structuralism]] - //Allan Antliff// 
- 
-=== Queer Anarchism === 
-Queer anarchism advocates anarchism and social revolution as a means of queer liberation and abolition of homophobia, lesbophobia, transmisogyny, biphobia, transphobia, heteronormativity, heterosexism, patriarchy and the gender binary. 
-  * [[https://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/baedan-baedan|baedan]] - //baedan// 
-  * [[https://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/baedan-against-the-gendered-nightmare|Against the Gendered Nightmare]] - //baedan// 
-  * [[https://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/david-berry-for-a-dialectic-of-homosexuality-and-revolution|For a Dialectic of Homosexuality and Revolution]] - //David Berry// 
-  * [[http://www.williamapercy.com/wiki/images/Hubert_kennedy.pdf|Anarchist of Love]] - //Hubert Kennedy// 
-  * [[http://188.165.199.119/files/Queering%20Anarchism,%20Essays%20on%20Gender,%20Power%20and%20Desire%20-%20Deric%20Shannon,%20Abbey%20Volcano%20et%20al.pdf|Queering Anarchism]] - //C. B. Daring, J. Rogue, Deric Shannon & Abbey Volcano// 
- 
-==== Organizational Forms ==== 
-=== Anarcho-Syndicalism === 
-Anarcho-syndicalism is a theory of anarchism that views revolutionary industrial unionism or syndicalism as a method for workers in capitalist society to gain control of an economy and with that control influence in broader society. Syndicalists consider their economic theories a strategy for facilitating worker self-activity and as an alternative co-operative economic system with democratic values and production centered on meeting human needs.  
-  * [[https://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/rudolf-rocker-anarchosyndicalism|Anarcho-Syndicalism]] - //Rudolf Rocker// ([[https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLTeHv2rWFci69UMKFFX7z0WfW_2SYLpqZ|Audiobook]]) 
-  * [[https://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/rudolf-rocker-anarchism-and-anarcho-syndicalism|Anarchism and Anarcho-Syndicalism]] - //Rudolf Rocker// 
-  * [[https://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/george-orwell-homage-to-catalonia|Homage to Catalonia]] - //George Orwell// 
-  * [[https://libcom.org/library/fighting-ourselves-anarcho-syndicalism-class-struggle-solidarity-federation|Fighting For Ourselves]] - //Solidarity Federation// 
-  * [[https://libcom.org/files/Damier-AS-A4.pdf|Anarcho-Syndicalism in the 20th Century]] - //Vadim Damier// 
-  * [[https://libcom.org/files/1345266991261.pdf|On Anarchism]] - //Noam Chomsky// 
- 
-=== Insurrectionary Anarchism === 
-Insurrectionary anarchism is a revolutionary theory, practice and tendency within the anarchist movement that emphasizes insurrection within anarchist practice. It is critical of formal organizations such as labor unions and federations that are based on a political programme and periodic congresses. Instead, insurrectionary anarchists advocate informal organization and small affinity group based organization. Insurrectionary anarchists put value in attack, permanent class conflict and a refusal to negotiate or compromise with class enemies. 
-  * [[https://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/luigi-galleani-the-end-of-anarchism|The End of Anarchism?]] - //Luigi Galleani// 
-  * [[https://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/alfredo-m-bonanno-let-s-destroy-work-let-s-destroy-the-economy|Let's Destroy Work, Let's Destroy the Economy]] - //Alfredo M. Bonanno// 
-  * [[https://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/alfredo-m-bonanno-the-insurrectional-project|The Insurrectional Project]] - //Alfredo M. Bonanno// 
-  * [[https://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/alfredo-m-bonanno-armed-joy|Armed Joy]] - //Alfredo M. Bonanno// 
-  * [[https://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/comite-invisible-the-coming-insurrection|The Coming Insurrection]] - //Invisible Committee// 
-  * [[https://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/peter-gelderloos-insurrection-vs-organization|Insurrection vs Organization]] - //Peter Gelderloos// 
-  * [[https://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/anonymous-the-undesirables|The Undesirables]] - //Anonymous// 
- 
-=== Platformism === 
-Platformism is a tendency that stresses the need for tightly organized anarchist organizations that are able to influence working class and peasant movements. "Platformist" groups reject the model of Leninist vanguardism. They instead aim to "make anarchist ideas the leading ideas within the class struggle". According to platformists, the four main principles by which an anarchist organisation should operate, are ideological unity, tactical unity, collective responsibility and federalism.  
-  * [[http://www.anarkismo.net/newswire.php?story_id=1000|Organizational Platform of the General Union of Anarchists]] - //Group of Russian Anarchists Abroad// 
-  * [[http://theanarchistlibrary.org/HTML/Errico_Malatesta_and_Nestor_Makhno__About_the_Platform.html|About the Platform]] - //Errico Malatesta and Nestor Makhno// 
-  * [[http://dwardmac.pitzer.edu/Anarchist_Archives/bright/durruti/TowardFR.pdf|Towards a Fresh Revolution]] - //Friends of Durruti// 
-  * [[https://libcom.org/library/manifesto-of-libertarian-communism-georges-fontenis|Manifesto of Libertarian Communism]] - //Georges Fontenis// 
- 
-=== Synthesist Anarchism === 
-Synthesist anarchism is a form of anarchist organization which tries to join anarchists of different tendencies under the principles of anarchism without adjectives. It is the main principle behind the anarchist federations grouped around the contemporary global [[https://i-f-a.org/|International of Anarchist Federations]]. 
-  * [[https://libcom.org/library/anarchist-synthesis|Anarchist Synthesis]] - //Voline// 
-  * [[https://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/voline-on-synthesis|On Synthesis]] - //Voline// 
-  * [[http://www.theanarchistlibrary.org/HTML/Sebastien_Faure__The_Anarchist_Synthesis.html|The Anarchist Synthesis]] - //Sebastien Faure// 
-  * [[https://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/voltairine-de-cleyre-anarchism|Anarchism]] - //Voltairine de Cleyre// 
- 
-=== Dual Power and Infrastructure-as-Resistance === 
- 
-  * [[https://dsa-lsc.org/2018/12/31/dual-power-a-strategy-to-build-socialism-in-our-time/|Dual Power: A Strategy To Build Socialism In Our Time]] - //the Libertarian Socialist Caucus of the Democratic Socialists of America// 
-  * [[https://outgrowingcapitalism.wordpress.com|Out-Growing Capitalism]] 
  
 ---- ----
  
-===== Libertarian Marxism ===== +===== Left Communism ===== 
-Libertarian Marxism refers to a broad scope of economic and political philosophies that emphasize the anti-authoritarian aspects of Marxism. +{{ :left_communism.png?nolink&200|}} 
-  * [[https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/61|Manifesto of the Communist Party]] - //Karl Marx & Friedrich Engels// ([[https://librivox.org/the-communist-manifesto-by-karl-marx-and-friendrich-engels/|Audiobook]])+[[leftcommunism|Left Communism]] refers to a broad scope of economic and political philosophies that emphasize the anti-authoritarian aspects of Marxism. Early currents of libertarian Marxism, known as left communism, emerged in opposition to Marxist-Leninist vanguardism, it is also often critical of reformist positions, such as those held by social democrats. Libertarian Marxist currents emphasize the Marxist belief in the ability of the working class to forge its own destiny without the need for a revolutionary party or state to mediate or aid its liberation
 +  * [[https://marx.libcom.org/files/Karl%20Marx-%20Wage%20Labour%20and%20Capital.pdf|Wage Labour and Capital]] - //Karl Marx// ([[https://librivox.org/wage-labour-and-capital-by-marx-karl/|Audiobook]]) 
 +  * [[https://archive.org/details/cihm_76777/page/n9|Value, Price and Profit]] //Karl Marx// ([[https://www.invidio.us/watch?v=ZFSVc7N9wY4|Audiobook]]) 
 +  * [[https://libcom.org/library/reform-or-revolution-rosa-luxemburg|Reform or Revolution]] - //Rosa Luxemburg// ([[https://www.invidio.us/watch?v=5mWTmnLH0ec|Audiobook]]) 
 +  * [[https://marx.libcom.org/library/nationalities-question-in-the-russian-revolution-luxemburg|The National Question]] - //Rosa Luxemburg// 
 +  * [[https://www.marxistschool.org/classdocs/Philosophical_Manuscripts_1844.pdf|Economic & Philosophical Manuscripts of 1844]] - //Karl Marx// 
 +  * [[https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Critique_of_the_Gotha_Programme|Critique of the Gotha Programme]] - //Karl Marx// ([[https://www.invidio.us/playlist?list=PL0-IkmzWbjoZ1cMLgKTMDjo3bkV37Dma0|Audiobook]]) 
 +  * [[https://libcom.org/library/workers-councils-book-pannekoek|Workers Councils]] - //Anton Pannekoek//
   * [[https://archive.org/details/capitalcritiqueo02marxiala|Capital]] - //Karl Marx// ([[https://librivox.org/capital-volume-1-by-karl-marx/|Audiobook]])   * [[https://archive.org/details/capitalcritiqueo02marxiala|Capital]] - //Karl Marx// ([[https://librivox.org/capital-volume-1-by-karl-marx/|Audiobook]])
-  * [[https://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/daniel-guerin-libertarian-marxism|Libertarian Marxism?]] - //Daniel Guérin// 
-  * [[https://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/wayne-price-libertarian-marxism-s-relation-to-anarchism|Libertarian Marxism's Relation to Anarchism]] - //Wayne Price// 
- 
-==== Autonomism ==== 
-Autonomism emphasises the ability of the working class to force changes to the organization of the capitalist system independent of the state, trade unions or political parties. 
-  * [[https://libcom.org/files/Empire.pdf|Empire]] - //Michael Hardt and Antonio Negri// 
-  * [[http://rebels-library.org/files/multitude.pdf|Multitude]] - //Michael Hardt and Antonio Negri// 
-  * [[https://www.thing.net/~rdom/ucsd/biopolitics/Commonwealth.pdf|Commonwealth]] - //Michael Hardt and Antonio Negri// 
-  * [[https://libcom.org/files/autonomia1_rotated_merged_0.pdf|Autonomia]] 
-  * [[http://www.eroseffect.com/books/subversion_download.htm|The Subversion of Politics]] - //Georgy Katsiaficas// 
- 
-==== Communization ==== 
-Communization is the process of abolishing private ownership of the means of production. 
-  * [[https://resonanceaudiodistro.wordpress.com/2015/08/07/to-our-friends-audiozine/|To Our Friends]] - //The Invisible Committee// 
-  * [[http://www.minorcompositions.info/?p=299|Communization and its Discontents]] - //Benjamin Noys// 
-  * [[https://endnotes.org.uk/articles/8|Bring Out Your Dead]] - //Endnotes// 
-  * [[https://libcom.org/library/communisation/|Communisation]] - //Trobloin// 
-  * [[https://libcom.org/library/the-story-of-our-origins-dauve|The Story of Our Origins]] - //Gilles Dauvé// 
-  * [[https://libcom.org/files/Banquse_recollecting.pdf|Recollecting Our Past]] - //La Banquise// 
-  * [[https://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/the-friends-of-4-million-young-workers-a-world-without-money-communism.pdf/|A World Without Money]] - //The Friends of 4 Million Young Workers// 
- 
-==== Council Communism ==== 
-Council communism is a current of socialist thought characterized by its opposition to statism and its advocacy of workers' councils and soviet democracy as the basis for dismantling the class state. 
-  * [[https://libcom.org/library/Irrational-in-politics-Maurice-Brinton|The Irrational in Politics]] - //Maurice Brinton// 
-  * [[https://libcom.org/library/the-bolsheviks-and-workers-control-solidarity-group|The Bolsheviks and Workers Control]] - //Maurice Brinton// 
-  * [[https://libcom.org/library/hungary-56-andy-anderson|Hungary '56]] - //Andy Anderson// 
-  * [[https://libcom.org/library/the-revolution-is-not-a-party-affair-otto-ruhle|The Revolution is not a party affair]] - Otto Ruhle 
-  * [[https://libcom.org/library/workers-councils-book-pannekoek|Workers' Councils]] - Anton Pannekoek 
-  * [[https://libcom.org/library/council-communism-mark-shipway-1987|Council Communism]] - Mark Shipway 
- 
-==== Frankfurt School ==== 
-A school of social theory and philosophy that was critical of both capitalism and Soviet socialism, pointing to the possibility of an alternative path to social development. 
-  * Eros and Civilization [[http://freudians.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/09/Marcuse-Eros-and-Civilization-Part-I-Under-the-Rule-of-the-Reality-Principle1.pdf|Part 1]] and [[http://freudians.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/09/Marcuse-Eros-and-Civilization-Part-II-Beyond-the-Reality-Principle.pdf|Part 2]] - //Herbert Marcuse// 
-  * [[https://www.marcuse.org/herbert/pubs/64onedim/odmcontents.html|One-Dimensional Man]] - //Herbert Marcuse// 
-  * [[https://thecharnelhouse.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/03/theodor-adorno-negative-dialectics.pdf|Negative Dialectics]] - //Theodor W. Adorno// 
-  * [[https://s3.amazonaws.com/arena-attachments/447615/0dd193e21ecb7fcdf86e3b6f18ebb955.pdf|The Structural Transformation of the Public Sphere]] - //Jürgen Habermas// 
-  * [[http://blogs.unpad.ac.id/teddykw/files/2012/07/Jurgen-Habermas-The-Theory-of-Communicative-Action-Volume-2.pdf|The Theory of Communicative Action]] - //Jürgen Habermas// 
-  * [[http://www.contrib.andrew.cmu.edu/%7Erandall/Readings%20W2/Horkheimer_Max_Adorno_Theodor_W_Dialectic_of_Enlightenment_Philosophical_Fragments.pdf|Dialectic of Englightenment]] - //Max Horkheimer & Theodor W. Adorno// 
-  * [[https://archive.org/details/THEAUTHORITARIANPERSONALITY.Adorno|The Authoritarian Personality]] - //Theodor W. Adorno, Else Frenkel-Brunswik, Daniel Levinson & Nevitt Sanford// 
- 
-==== Luxemburgism ==== 
-Luxemburgism professes a commitment to a generalized democracy in an unarticulated form, and the necessity of a revolution to bring it about.  
-  * [[https://archive.org/details/Leninism_or_Marxism_Rosa_Luxemburg|Leninism or Marxism?]] - //Rosa Luxemburg// 
   * [[https://libcom.org/files/luxemburg%20the%20accumulation%20of%20capital.pdf|The Accumulation of Capital]] - //Rosa Luxemburg//   * [[https://libcom.org/files/luxemburg%20the%20accumulation%20of%20capital.pdf|The Accumulation of Capital]] - //Rosa Luxemburg//
-  * [[https://www.swp.org.uk/sites/all/files/pamphlets/3_revolutionary-classics-course_reform-or-revolution.pdf|Reform or Revolution]] - //Rosa Luxemburg// 
  
-==== Situationism ==== +---- 
-Situationist theory represents an attempt to synthesize this diverse field of theoretical disciplines into modern and comprehensive critique of advanced capitalism+===== Social Ecology and Communalism ===== 
-  * [[http://library.nothingness.org/articles/SI/en/display/4|On the Poverty of Student Life]] - //UNEF Strasbourg// +{{ :communalism_according_to_bookchin_by_mylittletripod-d829twv.png?nolink&200|Communalism Logo: A black star outlined in red enclosed in a brown wheel with green spokes}} 
-  * [[http://www.bopsecrets.org/SI/report.htm|Report on the Construction of Situations]] - //Guy Debord// +[[Communalism]] is a system of government in which virtually autonomous local communities are brought together in confederation under the principles and practice of communal ownership. Social Ecology is its recognition of the often-overlooked fact that nearly all our present ecological problems arise from deep-seated social problems
-  * [[http://library.nothingness.org/articles/SI/en/pub_contents/5|The Revolution of Everyday Life]] - //Raoul Vaneigem// +  * [[https://www.filmsforaction.org/articles/communalism-a-liberatory-alternative/|Communalism]] - //Marcus & Stephanie Amargi// ([[https://archive.org/details/communalism-audio-pamphlet|Audiobook]])  
-  * [[http://library.nothingness.org/articles/SI/en/pub_contents/4|The Society of the Spectacle]] - //Guy Debord//+  * [[http://www.williamcronon.net/writing/Trouble_with_Wilderness_Main.html|The Trouble With Wilderness]] - //William Cronon// ([[https://archive.org/details/TheTroubleWithWilderness|Audiobook]]) 
 +  * [[http://www.rainmagazine.com/archive/1992/cities-against-centralization|Cities Against Centralization]] - //Greg Bryant// 
 +  * [[https://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/murray-bookchin-ursula-k-le-guin-the-next-revolution|The Next Revolution]] - //Murray Bookchin// ([[https://archive.org/details/thenextrevolution|Audiobook]]) 
 +  * [[https://libcom.org/library/anthropology-utopia|The Anthropology of Utopia]] - //Dan Chodorkoff//  
 +  * [[https://libcom.org/library/ecology-freedom-murray-bookchin|The Ecology of Freedom]] - //Murray Bookchin// ([[https://archive.org/details/ecologyoffreedom|Audiobook]])
  
 +----
 +===== Further Reading =====
 +[[Tendencies|Other Tendencies]] of Libertarian Socialism include Utopianism, Guild Socialism, Inclusive Democracy, Participism and Neozapatismo. 
politics.1547633824.txt.gz · Last modified: 2019/01/16 10:17 by greenandblack